提起從句來，相信很多同學一定是一頭霧水，很少有人能夠清楚地把它們區分開來。作為母語非英語的我們來講，把這三大從句區分開來，是十分有必要的。因為我們不僅在進行寫作時，需要經常地用到賓語從句，定語從句和狀語從句這三種提分複雜句，而且在閱讀的時候，我們也經常遇到那種令人暈眩的長難句，化解長難句的一個重要方式就是迅速找到從句類型，把它們秒變回主句中的一個句子成分。因此，練就一雙火眼金睛，把它們瞬間區分開來，是我們征服英語的一種看家本領。下面我們來看看怎樣從兩個維度來區分這三大妖魔從句。
第一個維度：與主句的粘合度
各種從句，與主句的密切程度叫做粘合度;一般來說，粘合度最高的是名詞從句，它們直接在主句里充當成分，是一種你中有我的關係，如：
Whether he will be here is unknown. 從句充當主語，即主語從句;
I believe that he did not lie. 從句充當賓語，即賓語從句;
The truth is that we never sent the letter to him. 從句充當表語，表語從句;
He told us the news that Hawking passed away. 從句充當同位語，同位語從句;
與主句的粘合度稍微淡一點的，是定語從句;限制性定語從句還鑲嵌在主句中，如：
The girl who came back from USA is our monitor.
I lost the phone which my father bought back from Europe for me last month.
雖然定語從句修飾的名詞在主句中所處的成分不同，但畢竟都還嵌套在一個句子裡。但是，比起名詞從句直接充當主句成分來說，還是不夠純粹，粘合度嘛，自然就要低一些啦。這就是限制性的定語從句。
而非限制性定語從句，粘合度就更低啦，跟主句有一個逗號的距離，基本上跟主句是漸行漸遠的了，如，
He never told us the truth, which made the whole case complicated.
We have to open the window, as everybody need fresh air in.
Peter drives fast, which is dangerous.
其實，從句子的意義上來看，非限制性定語從句，已經是一種修飾句子的狀語從句啦。
與主句的粘合度最低的是狀語從句，不論與主句之間有沒有個逗號隔開，其意義都是獨立的兩個句子，雖然對前一個句子有修飾的作用：
When I came back he was sleeping.
He never goes to school, because his mother teaches him everything at home.
If you do not put down the gun, I will kill her.
這樣，我們就總結出來，粘合度最高的是名詞從句，中間的是定語從句，而最低的就是狀語從句。你會了嗎?
第二個維度：各從句的樣子維度，也就是各種從句的構成
我們先來看名詞從句，名詞從句分四種，主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句;每種從句都有三種構成方法：
第一種 陳述句 用一個固定的引導詞 that, 萬萬不能省略!
That he loves iPhone is a truth.
I believe that he loves iPhone.
The truth is that he loves iPhone.
His father gave him a gift, an iPhone.
第二種 一般疑問句 在兩個之中選一個來做從句的引導詞，if / whether
Whether he loves iPhone is unknown.
I don』t know if he loves iPhone.
The problem is if he loves iPhone.
They asked us a question, if he loves iPhone?
第三種 特殊疑問句 用特殊疑問句中自帶的疑問詞作引導詞
What he likes is unknown.
I don』t know where he is from.
The problem is when we will come back.
They asked us a question, how we can get there?
名詞從句很龐大，不僅種類有四種之多，而且除了陳述句，還可以用一般疑問句和特殊疑問句來充當;其它剩下兩類從句定語從句和狀語從句就沒有這麼多花樣，它們分別只有一種從句，而且只能用陳述句來充當;
定語從句 一定有一個先行詞，而且只可以用陳述句來充當;
The girl who speaks fluent English is my elder sister.
He lost the iPhone which his father bought back from USA for him.
狀語從句 標杆就是各種特徵鮮明的引導詞，也只能用陳述句來充當;
Although he was young, he knew many secrets.
We have to cancel the meeting, because it rained cats and dogs.
He worked hard so that he would attend TOEFL test at the end of this year.
從與主句的粘合度與長相兩個維度，你會區分三大從句了嗎?
第一個維度：與主句的粘合度
各種從句，與主句的密切程度叫做粘合度;一般來說，粘合度最高的是名詞從句，它們直接在主句里充當成分，是一種你中有我的關係，如：
Whether he will be here is unknown. 從句充當主語，即主語從句;
I believe that he did not lie. 從句充當賓語，即賓語從句;
The truth is that we never sent the letter to him. 從句充當表語，表語從句;
He told us the news that Hawking passed away. 從句充當同位語，同位語從句;
與主句的粘合度稍微淡一點的，是定語從句;限制性定語從句還鑲嵌在主句中，如：
The girl who came back from USA is our monitor.
I lost the phone which my father bought back from Europe for me last month.
雖然定語從句修飾的名詞在主句中所處的成分不同，但畢竟都還嵌套在一個句子裡。但是，比起名詞從句直接充當主句成分來說，還是不夠純粹，粘合度嘛，自然就要低一些啦。這就是限制性的定語從句。
而非限制性定語從句，粘合度就更低啦，跟主句有一個逗號的距離，基本上跟主句是漸行漸遠的了，如，
He never told us the truth, which made the whole case complicated.
We have to open the window, as everybody need fresh air in.
Peter drives fast, which is dangerous.
其實，從句子的意義上來看，非限制性定語從句，已經是一種修飾句子的狀語從句啦。
與主句的粘合度最低的是狀語從句，不論與主句之間有沒有個逗號隔開，其意義都是獨立的兩個句子，雖然對前一個句子有修飾的作用：
When I came back he was sleeping.
He never goes to school, because his mother teaches him everything at home.
If you do not put down the gun, I will kill her.
這樣，我們就總結出來，粘合度最高的是名詞從句，中間的是定語從句，而最低的就是狀語從句。你會了嗎?
第二個維度：各從句的樣子維度，也就是各種從句的構成
我們先來看名詞從句，名詞從句分四種，主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句;每種從句都有三種構成方法：
第一種 陳述句 用一個固定的引導詞 that, 萬萬不能省略!
That he loves iPhone is a truth.
I believe that he loves iPhone.
The truth is that he loves iPhone.
His father gave him a gift, an iPhone.
第二種 一般疑問句 在兩個之中選一個來做從句的引導詞，if / whether
Whether he loves iPhone is unknown.
I don』t know if he loves iPhone.
The problem is if he loves iPhone.
They asked us a question, if he loves iPhone?
第三種 特殊疑問句 用特殊疑問句中自帶的疑問詞作引導詞
What he likes is unknown.
I don』t know where he is from.
The problem is when we will come back.
They asked us a question, how we can get there?
名詞從句很龐大，不僅種類有四種之多，而且除了陳述句，還可以用一般疑問句和特殊疑問句來充當;其它剩下兩類從句定語從句和狀語從句就沒有這麼多花樣，它們分別只有一種從句，而且只能用陳述句來充當;
定語從句 一定有一個先行詞，而且只可以用陳述句來充當;
The girl who speaks fluent English is my elder sister.
He lost the iPhone which his father bought back from USA for him.
狀語從句 標杆就是各種特徵鮮明的引導詞，也只能用陳述句來充當;
Although he was young, he knew many secrets.
We have to cancel the meeting, because it rained cats and dogs.
He worked hard so that he would attend TOEFL test at the end of this year.
從與主句的粘合度與長相兩個維度，你會區分三大從句了嗎?
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